Low blood pressure, or hypotension, means your blood pressure consistently reads lower than 90/60 mmHg. This can cause dizziness, fainting, and fatigue. However, not all low blood pressure is problematic; some individuals naturally have lower readings without adverse effects. The key is to understand your normal range.
Causes of Hypotension
Several factors contribute to hypotension. Dehydration, due to insufficient fluid intake or excessive fluid loss (e. g., vomiting, diarrhea), significantly reduces blood volume. Certain medications, such as diuretics and some blood pressure drugs, can also lower blood pressure. Underlying medical conditions, like heart problems, endocrine disorders, or severe infections, can also play a role. A sudden drop in blood pressure can be caused by an allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) or severe blood loss.
Recognizing and Managing Hypotension
Symptoms often include lightheadedness, blurred vision, nausea, and weakness. If you experience these, sit or lie down immediately, elevating your legs to increase blood flow to your heart. Drink fluids to help rehydrate. Regular check-ups with your doctor are key to monitoring blood pressure. If your doctor diagnoses hypotension, they might recommend lifestyle adjustments, such as increased fluid and salt intake (under guidance), or medication if an underlying condition is involved. They’ll help you determine the appropriate course of action for your situation.
When to Seek Immediate Medical Attention
Seek immediate medical care if you experience sudden, severe hypotension accompanied by chest pain, shortness of breath, or confusion. These can indicate a serious underlying problem needing urgent attention. Prompt action is critical in such instances. Your doctor is your best resource for personalized advice and treatment.
